VIROLOGY NOTES

VIROLOGY NOTES – A QUALITY STUDY NOTES OF VIROLOGY Virology is the branch of microbiology that…

IMMUNOLOGY NOTES

IMMUNOLOGY NOTES  – ILLUSTRATIVE STUDY NOTES OF IMMUNOLOGY Immunology is the branch of medical science that…

PREPARATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR

A Peripheral blood smear (PBS) or Blood film is required to be made from capillary blood…

PREPARATION OF McFarland STANDARD FOR ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST (AST) IN LABORATORY

The McFarland Standards are commonly used in Antibiotic Susceptibility Test (AST) to standardize the approximate number…

DEHYDRATION OF TISSUES – TECHNIQUE OF REMOVING WATER FROM THE TISSUES

INTRODUCTION TO DEHYDRATION OF TISSUES Dehydration of tissues is the important process because of the paraffin,…

Gram Staining – Principle, Requirements, Procedure & Interpretation

WHAT IS GRAM STAINING TECHNIQUE? Gram staining is the most important and widely used differential staining…

AN INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN CELL

CELL is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organism and anything less than…

VARICELLA – ZOSTER VIRUS (VZV) – INTRODUCTION, INFECTIONS, PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL FEATURES, TREATMENT & PROPHYLAXIS

INTRODUCTION TO VARICELLA – ZOSTER VIRUS ⇒ In 1889, Von Bokay had suggested that Varicella (Chickenpox)…

EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) – INTRODUCTION, INFECTIONS, CLINICAL FEATURES & LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

INTRODUCTION TO EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) In 1964, a virus was observed in cultured lymphoma cells by…

PREPARATION OF MUELLER HINTON AGAR MEDIA (MHA) IN LABORATORY

The well-known solid media for the Antibiotic Sensitivity Test a.k.a. Antibiotic Susceptibility Test was developed by…

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) – INFECTIONS, PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL FEATURES, LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT & PROPHYLAXIS

INTRODUCTION TO CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is formerly known as salivary gland virus, are a group of…

TOTAL PLATELET COUNT USING HEMOCYTOMETER / NEUBAUER’s CHAMBER (MICRO DILUTION & MACRO DILUTION METHOD)

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO PLATELETS / THROMBOCYTES The Platelets, also known as Thrombocytes, are the Oval,…

INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY

INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY Biochemistry is the branch of science that deals with the study of chemical…

INTRODUCTION & CHARACTERISTIC OF BLOOD

INTRODUCTION TO HEMATOLOGY Hematology is the branch of medicine that is concerned with the study of…

PREPARATION OF ACID FAST REAGENTS IN LABORATORY

PREPARATION OF ACID FAST REAGENTS The Acid-Fast staining technique was initially developed in 1882 by Paul…

TOTAL WHITE BLOOD CELL (WBC) COUNT A.K.A TOTAL LEUCOCYTE COUNT (TLC) USING HEMOCYTOMETER / NEUBAUER’s CHAMBER

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO WHITE BLOOD CELL White blood cells (WBCs) or Leucocytes are the round…

LEISHMAN STAINING – PRINCIPLE, PREPARATION, PROCEDURE & RESULT INTERPRETATION

As you already know, that there are various types of Blood cells present in our body,…

PREPARATION OF LEISHMAN STAIN IN LABORATORY

PREPARATION OF LEISHMAN STAIN IN LABORATORY Leishman stain is a differential stain that is used to…

GIEMSA STAINING TECHNIQUE – PRINCIPLE, PREPARATION, PROCEDURE & OBSERVATIONS

As you know, that there are various types of Blood cells are present in our body,…

PREPARATION OF PHOSPHATE BUFFER SOLUTION IN LABORATORY

PREPARATION OF PHOSPHATE BUFFER SOLUTION (pH 5.8 to 7.4) IN LABORATORY A Buffer solution is a…